To assess prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt among South Brazilian tobacco growers and to analyze the associated factors related to the suicidal ideation.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2011 with a random sample of 2469 tobacco growers in São Lourenço do Sul/RS. Suicidal ideation was characterized by the question "Has the thought of ending your life been on your mind?". Suicide attempt was assessed by the question "Have you ever tried to kill yourself?". Investigation of factors associated with suicidal ideation was done by means of Poisson regression.
Prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt was 2.5 % and 1.2 % respectively. In the adjusted analysis, suicidal ideation was associated with being female, older age, moderate participation in religious activities and difficulty in paying debts. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/bpv-hopic.html Those who worked in activities that required inadequate postures (hunched over or other forced positions), as well as farmers who performed 6-9 pesticide-related tasks demonstrated greater risk of suicidal ideation. Regarding health conditions, medical diagnosis of asthma, chronic low back pain, number of lifetime green tobacco sickness episodes and lifetime pesticide poisoning were positively associated with suicidal ideation.
Suicidal thoughts and attempts are relevant mental health problems among tobacco growers. Reducing pesticide use, as well as exposure to nicotine and improving socio-economic conditions, can reduce suicidal ideation and improve the mental health of exposed workers.
Suicidal thoughts and attempts are relevant mental health problems among tobacco growers. Reducing pesticide use, as well as exposure to nicotine and improving socio-economic conditions, can reduce suicidal ideation and improve the mental health of exposed workers.Across species, offspring of related individuals often exhibit significant reduction in fitness-related traits, known as inbreeding depression (ID), yet the genetic and molecular basis for ID remains elusive. Here, we develop a method to quantify enrichment of ID within specific genomic annotations and apply it to human data. We analyzed the phenomes and genomes of ?350,000 unrelated participants of the UK Biobank and found, on average of over 11 traits, significant enrichment of ID within genomic regions with high recombination rates (&gt;21-fold; p 19-fold; p less then 10-4), and within regulatory elements such as DNase I hypersensitive sites (?5-fold; p = 8.9 × 10-7). We also quantified enrichment of ID within trait-associated regions and found suggestive evidence that genomic regions contributing to additive genetic variance in the population are enriched for ID signal. We find strong correlations between functional enrichment of SNP-based heritability and that of ID (r = 0.8, standard error 0.1). These findings provide empirical evidence that ID is most likely due to many partially recessive deleterious alleles in low linkage disequilibrium regions of the genome. Our study suggests that functional characterization of ID may further elucidate the genetic architectures and biological mechanisms underlying complex traits and diseases.To investigate the long-term effects of corticosteroid pulse therapy (CPT) for the treatment of acute-stage Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) patients with severe ocular involvement.
Retrospective, comparative case series.
In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 116 SJS/TEN patients who developed the disease between 2002 and 2018. Patients with severe ocular disorders (ie, ocular surface epithelial defect, pseudomembranous formation, or both) at the acute stage and who were followed for more than 1-year post SJS/TEN onset were enrolled. In those patients, we examined the treatments administered for acute-stage SJS/TEN and associated ocular sequelae, including the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the patient's worse eye and the incidence of the ocular complications at the final follow-up examination.
A total of 85 patients were enrolled. Of those, 36 received CPT within 4 days post disease onset (Group A) and 49 patients did not receive CPT within 4 days post disease onset (Group B). The percentage of eyes with a BCVA in the worse eye of ? 1.0 were 52.8% in Group A and 14.3% in Group B. Severe ocular sequelae, ie, a worsening of BCVA and corneal and conjunctival complications, were significantly less in Group A than in Group B.
In SJS/TEN patients with acute ocular involvement, CPT initiated within 4 days from disease onset may help reduce severe ocular sequelae.
In SJS/TEN patients with acute ocular involvement, CPT initiated within 4 days from disease onset may help reduce severe ocular sequelae.To evaluate the relationship between the occurrence of optic disc hemorrhages (DH) and glaucoma progression as determined by multiple glaucoma testing modalities.
A prospective cohort study.
A longitudinal study of 124 open angle glaucoma patients who had yearly disc photography (DP), visual fields (VFs), spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness scans, and optic nerve volume scans (Spectralis, Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany), all performed on the same day over a 5-year period. The minimum distance band (MDB) thickness, a 3D neuroretinal rim parameter, was calculated from optic nerve volume scans. Patients were classified as glaucoma progressors or non-glaucoma progressors using event-based analysis.
Out of 124 open angle glaucoma patients, 19 (15.3%) had one or more DHs on yearly DPs. Presence of a DH was associated with localized 3D neuroretinal rim thickness progression (superior MDB progression; OR 3.96, P?=?0.04), but not with global or inferior MDB progression (P?=?0.14 and 0.81 respectively), DP progression (P?=?0.08), VF progression (P?=?0.45), or RNFL global, inferior or superior progression (P?=?0.17, 0.26 and 0.76 respectively). In the majority of patients with MDB progression (14/17, or 82%), the progression was noted before or concurrently with the first instance of DH.
Glaucoma progression detected by high-density 3D SD-OCT neuroretinal rim measurements preceded DH occurrence in the majority of patients. These findings support the hypothesis that DHs are indicators of ongoing glaucoma progression rather than discrete events that cause subsequent progression.
Glaucoma progression detected by high-density 3D SD-OCT neuroretinal rim measurements preceded DH occurrence in the majority of patients. These findings support the hypothesis that DHs are indicators of ongoing glaucoma progression rather than discrete events that cause subsequent progression.